Colon cancer is the third most
common malign neoplasm worldwide. For the last 10 years, mortality rate from
colon cancer has declined by 3%, and the largest drops occurred in adults aged
65 and olde. This decline can be attributed to the increase of screening, which
detects and allows the removal of precancerous polyps.
In contrast, rates increased
during this time period among adults younger than 50 years. In Brazil this type
of cancer is ranked in third place among other incidences of cancer and it
is the third cause of deaths from cancer. In general, the most affected age
range is of 40-70 years. The conditions associated to increase a risk to
develop colon cancer include a personal history of colorectal cancer or
adenomatous polyps.
A personal history of inflammatory
bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease); a strong family history
of colorectal cancer or polyps; a known family history of a hereditary
colorectal cancer syndrome such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or
hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer.
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